NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell Univ./Arizona State Univ NASA's Mars rover Opportunity captured this self-portrait on March 22, 2014. The White House's proposed fiscal year 2016 budget allocates no money for Opportunity's mission.
NASA's long-lived Mars rover Opportunity mission is poised to lose its funding in 2016, but that financial future is not etched in stone, space agency officials say.
The White House unveiled its proposed federal budget for fiscal year 2016 today (Feb. 2), and it does not include money for Opportunity, according to NASA budget documents. That seemingly signals the impending end of a mission that has been exploring Mars for more than 11 years. (Fiscal year 2016 begins on Oct. 1, 2015.)
But NASA has not officially axed Opportunity — or the agency's prolific Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), which finds itself in the same budgetary situation — NASA Chief Financial Officer David Radzanowski told reporters during a conference call today. [Opportunity's Latest Mars Photos]
"We will look at continuing the operation of those activities, and finding ways to fund them, if in fact they actually are operational by 2016, and the science value does make sense," Radzanowski said.
Indeed, neither Opportunity nor LRO were allocated funds in the White House's fiscal year (FY) 2015 budget request, but money has been found to keep both missions going, he added.
It's also worth nothing that the 2016 federal budget proposal is just that — a proposal. Final funding for NASA and other federal agencies must still be approved by Congress. For example, the FY 2015 White House request proposed grounding NASA's Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, a telescope installed inside a 747 jet, but Congress later allocated funding to the project.
Opportunity and LRO got $14 million and $12.4 million, respectively, in FY 2014. It's unclear at the moment exactly how much each mission will get during the current fiscal year, NASA officials said.
Opportunity and its twin, Spirit, touched down on Mars a few weeks apart in January 2004, and were tasked with three-month missions to search for signs of past water activity on the Red Planet. Both rovers found plenty of such evidence, which helped to reshape scientists' understanding of Mars and its history. And the two golf-cart-size rovers just kept rolling along.
Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2010 and was declared dead in 2011. Opportunity remains active; it has been exploring the rim of 14-mile-wide (22 kilometers) Endeavour crater since August 2011.
Opportunity is showing some signs of age, however. The rover's robotic arm has long been a bit arthritic, and Opportunity recently began experiencing problems with its flash memory, which allows the rover to store information even when the power is off.
To date, Opportunity has traveled 26.02 miles (41.88 km) on Mars — farther than any other vehicle has gone on the surface of another world. The previous record of 24.2 miles (39 km) was set by the former Soviet Union's Lunokhod 2 moon rover in 1973.
The sharp-eyed LRO spacecraft launched in June 2009 to map the moon's surface in great detail, and to help pave the way for future robotic and human missions to Earth's nearest neighbor.
The White House allocates $18.5 billion to NASA in the FY 2016 budget request, which would be a $500 million boost over the enacted budget for FY 2015.
Jupiter and the Moon Shine Together Tonight: How to See It
Look to the eastern sky tonight (Feb. 3) after dark to see an amazing sight.
If your sky is clear early this evening, about an hour after sundown, you might be able to see the February full moon — sometimes known as the "Snow Moon" — shining with the giant planet Jupiter in the east-northeast sky. Jupiter should be located to the left of the moon.
Starry Night software Jupiter and the moon will meet up in the night sky on Feb. 3, 2015. The planet will be just to the left of the moon.
Both the moon and planet will keep each other company as they move across the night sky through the course of the night.
Jupiter will reach opposition on Feb. 6, meaning that it will be opposite to the sun in Earth's sky that day. Therefore, Jupiter rises around the time the sun sets, shines highest at around midnight and setting around sunrise. Opposition is also when Jupiter is closest to the Earth for the year, appearing biggest and brightest. Look for it in the east as the blue sky darkens. When you face Jupiter, Venus is almost directly behind you.
Space Science Institute/JPL/NASA A true color mosaic of the planet Jupiter, released by NASA in 2000.
For amateur astronomers, Jupiter is a superb telescopic object. Its disk shows more illuminated surface area than all the other planets combined. Users of the very smallest telescopes or even steadily held binoculars can identify some or all of four of Jupiter's bright moons at any given time.
But the planet's disk itself also draws a lot of attention. In large telescopes interested observers can view its cloud belts. Sometimes, one or more of the belts can look strongly disturbed, full of knots and sprouting festoons. On the other side of the coin, however, the cloud belts might look more like pale belts crossing the planet. As always, seeing details on Jupiter requires a good quality telescope, good atmospheric seeing and patience behind the eyepiece.
Lastly, if clouds hide your view of the moon and Jupiter, don't fret. The two cosmic objects will shine together again in about one month, on March 2.
Editor's note: If you snap an amazing skywatching photo of Jupiter and the moon or any other night sky view, and you'd like to share it for a possible story or image gallery, please contact managing editor Tariq Malik at spacephotos@space.com.
Joe Rao serves as an instructor and guest lecturer at New York's Hayden Planetarium. He writes about astronomy for Natural History magazine, the Farmer's Almanac and other publications, and he is also an on-camera meteorologist for News 12 Westchester, N.Y.